The theme of Sampling 2012 is ‘The critical role of sampling’. While substantial resources are devoted to utilisation of the best analytical methods and equipment, unfortunately there are still many instances where sampling and sample preparation continue to be neglected despite the fact that use of correct practices is critical to obtaining representative samples for analysis. As a direct consequence, mining companies stand to lose millions of dollars and fail to optimise utilisation of their mineral resources. Papers are sought on the theory of sampling and its application in the mineral resource industries. Preference will be given to papers in the following areas: Development and application of sampling theory Drill and blasthole sampling Plant sampling Sampling for blending, quality control and metallurgical accounting Sampling of commodity exports New developments in sampling and sample preparation equipment Maintenance of sampling equipment and training Development of national and international standards Case studies of the application of sampling in exploration, mining, mineral processing and environmental monitoring.