In this paper, we present the results of a study of crystal-chemical features of emeralds from the deposits of Muzo-Koscus-Chivor (Colombia) and Emerald Mines of the Urals (Russia). The task of this paper is to identify the differences in the crystal chemistry of emeralds from these deposits and show the features of their formation in different geological settings. The main methods of emerald research were: optical absorption spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance, luminescent spectroscopy. In addition, colorimetric features and inclusions in emeralds were investigated to identify raw materials and faceted material for these types of deposits.